Liocheles litodactylus Family: Hemiscorpiidae Genus: Liocheles Species: litodactylus Region Australia Countries Australia   Taxonomy and Biology Adult Length ( mm ): 40 mm Description Carapace is yellowish brown with darker brown markings on anterior margin and surrounding median eyes, some variably distinct brown reticulations posteriorly and laterally and blackish brown pigment on eyes. Tergites are yellowish brown with tergite VII slightly darker and with darker brown markings on all tergites. Metasomal segments are yellowish brown with numerous brown, almost reticulate markings especially laterally and ventrally. Telson vesicle is pale yellowish brown with a darker brown aculeus. Pedipalp femur and patella are mainly darker yellowish brown with some blackish spotting and black pigments on margins. Pedipalp chela is mainly darker reddish brown with black markings, blackish margins, black pigment on some keels and fingers mainly black but becoming blackish red distally and yellowish brown finger tips. Legs are pale yellowish brown. Sternites are brownish cream anteriorly and becoming pale yellowish brown or pale brown. Chelicerae pale yellowish brown with fine dark brown reticulations with darker brown spotting and reticulation distally. Species Map Small (Approx 20k) version   Venom General: Venom Neurotoxins Unknown General: Venom Myotoxins Unknown General: Venom Procoagulants Unknown General: Venom Anticoagulants Unknown General: Venom Haemorrhagins Unknown General: Venom Nephrotoxins Unknown General: Venom Cardiotoxins Unknown General: Venom Necrotoxins Unknown General: Venom Other Unknown   Clinical Effects General: Dangerousness Mild envenoming only, not likely to prove lethal General: Rate of Envenoming: Unknown General: Untreated Lethality Rate: Unlikely to prove lethal General: Local Effects Insufficient clinical reports to know. Most likely will cause local pain of short duration, without sequelae. General: Local Necrosis Insufficient clinical reports to know, but unlikely to occur General: General Systemic Effects Insufficient clinical reports to know, but unlikely to occur General: Myotoxicity Insufficient clinical reports to know, but unlikely to occur General: Renal Damage Insufficient clinical reports to know, but unlikely to occur General: Cardiotoxicity Insufficient clinical reports to know, but unlikely to occur General: Other Insufficient clinical reports to know, but unlikely to occur   First Aid Description: First aid for scorpion stings (in areas where no potentially dangerous species may be found) Details 1. Reassure the victim. Despite sometimes intense local pain, usually lasting less than one hour, these scorpions are not able to cause major of lethal envenoming and most stings will settle rapidly. 2. Do not apply a bandage or tourniquet, or cut, suck or incise the wound or apply electric shock. Neither the application of local heat or cold are proven as effective. 3. If the victim develops general symptoms or the pain remains severe after one hour, seek medical advice.   Treatment Treatment Summary Stings by these scorpions are likely to cause only short lived local effects, such as pain, without systemic effects. Treatment is therefore reassurance and symptomatic, with analgesia only for severe and persistent pain, as short lived pain will likely resolve before analgesics can take effect. Update tetanus immune status. Be more cautious in young children, observing for several hours post-sting. No antivenom is available, or is required. Key Diagnostic Features Not well defined. Most likely limited to local pain ± local swelling, without significant systemic effects. See detailed clinical summary for more specific detail, if known. General Approach to Management Most cases will be minor & not require admission. Antivenom Therapy No antivenom available Antivenoms No Antivenoms   Images No images for Images