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Phylum: Arthropoda
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Class: Insecta
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SubClass: Panorpoidea
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Genus: Lonomia
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Species: achelous
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Common Names
Brazilian caterpillar , Giant Silkworm Moth caterpillar
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Region
South America
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Countries
Bolivia, Brazil, Colombia, Ecuador, French Guiana, Guyana, Peru, Suriname, Venezuela
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Taxonomy and Biology
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No information available for Taxonomy and Biology
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Venom
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General: Venom Neurotoxins
Not present
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General: Venom Myotoxins
Not present
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General: Venom Procoagulants
Fibrinolytic, activates prothrombin, factor V, XIII
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General: Venom Anticoagulants
Not present
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General: Venom Haemorrhagins
Possibly present
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General: Venom Nephrotoxins
Secondary nephrotoxicity only
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General: Venom Cardiotoxins
Not present
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General: Venom Necrotoxins
Not present
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General: Venom Other
Unknown
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Clinical Effects
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General: Dangerousness
Severe envenoming possible, potentially lethal
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General: Rate of Envenoming: Unknown
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General: Untreated Lethality Rate: Unknown but has caused fatalities
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General: Local Effects
Local pain & burning, local haemorrhaging can occur
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General: Local Necrosis
Does not occur, based on current clinical evidence
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General: General Systemic Effects
Most systemic effects related to secondary effects of bleeding
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General: Neurotoxic Paralysis
Does not occur, based on current clinical evidence
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General: Myotoxicity
Does not occur, based on current clinical evidence
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General: Coagulopathy & Haemorrhages
Common, moderate to severe coagulopathy causing extensive, potentially lethal bleeding
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General: Renal Damage
Recognised complication, usually secondary to coagulopathy
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General: Cardiotoxicity
Does not occur, based on current clinical evidence
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General: Other
Shock secondary to bleeding can occur
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First Aid
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Description: First aid for venomous Brazilian caterpillars causing coagulopathy
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Details
First aid being developed
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Treatment
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Treatment Summary
Lonomia caterpillar envenoming can cause severe, even lethal coagulopathy. Observe all cases for at least 12 hrs, check coagulation status. All cases with coagulopathy require at least 5 vials specific antivenom IV.
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Key Diagnostic Features
Local pain & burning; systemic coagulopathy & bleeding
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General Approach to Management
All cases should be treated as urgent & potentially lethal. Rapid assessment & commencement of treatment including appropriate antivenom (if indicated & available) is mandatory. Admit all cases.
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Antivenom Therapy
Antivenom is the key treatment for systemic envenoming. Multiple doses may be required.
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| 1. Antivenom Code: SAmIBB08
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Antivenom Name: Soro antilonomico
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Manufacturer: Instituto Butantan
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Phone: +55-11-3726-7222
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Address: Av. Vital Brasil, 1500 Butanta
05503-900
Sao Paulo - SP
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Country: Brazil
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